Laughter

‎'A day without laughter is a day wasted'

Remeber this quote and follow in your 2011.

Let each day in 2011 make you delightfull.

Do not post-pone your Laughter in a single moment by just thinking of your current worries that burdens you...just ignore it and be happy for no reasons.

The next moment in life is going to born out of this moment that is right now,here...i think the word 'PRESENT'- coined out of the word 'PRESENTATION'(Gift).Each passing moment is a presentation life unto you.its better to be in present.

So just be happy and delighful now and let your following moments/days blooms out of this happiness.

My ART Critics

Amir Work
art vilage garden sculpture

broze work

(You can view more about this village here in this book)

Basically i am an art lover.Our nation is rich as far as any forms of arts are concerned.

The arts i means here is, Fine arts it consist of both visual arts and performing arts.

The December-chennai is not just cool it is more chill for music lovers.That will make all music lovers cheer-up.December music seasons is very special, that too one happen to be in chennai..The music lovers from the globe visits here for this festival...not just lovers but the performers too fly from far distances like US,Canada,europe etc.to chennai.Tamilnadu.

I see many people of indian orgin from USA visit here to perform.That shows they need to be intact with our own culture..though i saw many performers seems still a learner but curious to perform on stage.This happenings- becuase,we lost the touch of our ancient Gurukulam Environment.I have heared few vocals & instrumental musics its good but not enough.

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As a layman i could found many flaws , but loved one thing about these young muscian's are making our culture allive and can potentially carry the same to the forth coming generation as well.So we must applause to all of them.

Today i visited Cholamandalam Arts Village in injambakkam,which is close to Mamallapuram.As a friend of mine, who is artist by profession.

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His name is- Mr.Amirthalingam.

he has done both his BFA& MFA from college of arts chennai.He is a man of silence but his art speaks louder .I Know him past several years. i have seen him doing live portrait .Really good at line drawings.Since after long time, i met him today, he is grown up,so don't want to put him in a shell...he just enjoy his creativity and seems live in spontaneity. He also mentioned to me he worked in few tamil films as an art director.What i personally like in him is, his simplicity and down to earth approach.Wish him to set some mile stone in 'contemporary art'.

This group show done by 3-other budding artist with Amir.So, it is named as 'CHATUR'( sanscrith-chatur means-4)

Venu place: AT Cholamandal Centre for Contemporary Art (CCCA) at. Cholamandal Artists' Village, Injambakkam, Chennai – 600 041.

Time: 9 am to 7 Pm till 29th December.

As a art critic i must submit my observation in a professional terms here.

Amirthanlingam's (Artist,chennai)-

Work can be divided into two categories:

The more spontaneous ink drawings from his village,and the painted compositions bordering on dream-reality.Political concerns,effacing rural beliefs and rustic eldorado,find place on his canvas.In his paintings he uses a hybrid style,mixing real images such as skulls and crows,with dream colours such as pink placid sky and illuminated peacock,thus lending surrealism to his paintings.His 'ink-works' in black radiate energy and express a joy of village life.

Amirthalingam was taught by Mr.Chandru, Ex-principle of college of arts.While i am in deep conversation with him, he has immense gratitude for Mr.Chandru and the Late-World renowend artist Mr.Santhanakrishnan.

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I too have seen Late- Santhankrishnan work , i am no way eligible to speak/comment are say anything about his work...he is the reall master in arts i have seen..That too the line drawings the depth he shows in all his art form/objects is simply mind blowing. He lived for arts.The chennai college of fine arts has produced many wonderfull artist to our indian art community.

i must mention few facts about this art village.

Next time when you happen to be in chennai do visit here.

The Cholamandam Artists Village, situated about 9 kms from Chennai city is a haven for art lovers and artisans alike. Way back in 1964, the principal and students of the Madras School of Arts and Crafts set up this institution that has come to be recognized as a significant school of art and crafts.

At that time, there were no institution or outlet for those seeking to pursue a career in arts. The Late K.C.S Paniker was one of the pioneering spirits behind the Cholamandalam Arts Village in Chennai. Artists live as a community and pooled together their skills and resources.

The Cholamandalam Arts Village has a permanent art gallery to hold exhibitions. Sculptures made of granite; wood, copper and bronze are created within the Artists Village. The open-air theater is a platform for performing artists or even poetry reading sessions and dance recitals.

Indian arts such as batik and pottery and painting are seen in the myriad articles and works done by the artists of the Cholamandalam village. You can view or purchase interesting pieces in terracotta and batik. In fact Cholamandalam has grown to be an important hub or meeting place for international artistes in sylvan surroundings. ( one must see the lanscape...very amazing it is.)

Above all i enjoyed my day with artist also met a artist who is currently in Singapore.Close to this gallery beach is there.I went and enjoyed my play in beach.

Whistle Blowing

In management we call a term 'Whistle Blowing '

What it is?

In any corporate the information must flow from up to down and down to up.This will keep the overall corporate in a close net.I mean well knitted.it is also known as 'MIS'(Management information system).Whatever the top management desire to achive it has to pass the same information to all relevant field/Dept like Sales,Marketing or Production etc.This will enhance the team work and all sub-groups teams will function as a whole corporate team and achieve whatever they wish.

The corporate governance needs skilled strategy to build strong to fullfil all it needs in terms of growth,profit and also socially responsible corporates-Like Tata/infosys etc.Here the flow of communication is very important.Any mis-communication to the mass may spoil the corporates image on the public.The MIS must be intact in inter/intra -personal realationship.

Often many corporates faces problem with many un-satisfied employees.Though they are not upto the expectation of the employer but still expect all benefits...its kind of doing nothing and expect everything.The management evaluate this people in terms of skill,team work,moral value etc and they may cut down the increment during performance appraisal.Such situation these people will create nuisance to their employeer in many ways one such thing is called 'Whistle Blowing'.

The people who knew all will be quit or the people who know nothing is also not a problem.But the people who knew little is dangerous..Because they make mess out of everthing and always look out for chance for blow up or threading.So be carefull while dealing with half-baked person.These people will blow up anything to a mess..and try to gain/expose others privacy and pull them down to the possible extend.They magnify useless things to a controversial one.This is what we call 'Whistle Blowing'.

Whistle Blowers are mainly comes from shop-floor and mid-management level.These people speak nonsense and try to pull all attention and finally make out their gain.Usually they join with some union and misuse the power of that union.In family or friends environment also same thing may happens.Be alert and stay cool/away with this type of people.They may intrude your inner circle and take you a ride at their best,so keep them in a distance.The whistle blowers has attitudinal problem they usually shows/express their inferiority complex by doing such act.Their mindset is not healthy enough,they are sick people..just move away from them.One can not change them that easily,so it is better to avoid them.

Be Peacefull

'Do not apply Logic mind when it is not required.

It may take away your peace.'

Let your being enjoy of being "JUST BE"

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The Role Of Fundamental Analyst and Technical Analyst

Both Fundamental & Technical Analysts are the best for day trading and long term investment.

Let me give you the recent example:

After the LIC Housing Loan scam hit in news, the market fell down sharply and mainly the realty stocks touched new year bottoms. We gave a sell call based on news In 'CORE PROJET' near 240 and it fell down to 150 level .We covered short and also double bought based on fundamentals. it is worth to buy&hold for Rs.150..Same day it gone to Rs.250 and we sold it fully.

Many of our clients sold 100 qty- at Rs.243 and bought at Rs.155 and freshly bought at Rs.147 and sold in Rs.235 level.We made a gain of 88+88=176 points in intraday itself.The net profit in Intraday was 100X176=Rs.17600/-

We sold it, based on technicals and bought it based on the fundamentals of this stock.Thats what we used to insist buy value based stock at right time.We had an opportunity to buy at low &sell at high in core project..This may happen once in a blue moon,the investors need to wait like a 'Crane' which used to wait on the running water standing in one leg to catch the 'fish'. Even now the Current market price is around Rs.310.So what i say here is,both are good at its own way. it is upto the analyst who apply it in day trading.

Smart Investor's

Sivashankaran is considered to be a smart investor who buys and sells companies at the right time and at the right price.

In 2004, Sivashankaran bought a 65.4% equity stake in the Barista coffee chain from Turner Morrison for Rs 30 crore and in March 2007 sold the entire stake to Lavazza of Italy for a cool Rs 480 crore.

Earlier in 2009, Sivashankaran had bought a 66% stake in Hindoostan Mill land, in Central Mumbai for Rs 310 crore from DLF, when the real estate sector was undergoing lot of liquidity crisis. The land is expected to fetch him at least Rs 1500 crores as of now. This should give an idea about Sivashankaran's investment ability.

Nobody is imperfect - Osho

"Nobody is imperfect; hence nobody needs to be perfect."

All that is needed is to live your life totally. Perfection is already there. We come from the perfect; hence we can't be imperfect. We are born out of the ultimate, we are waves in the ocean of god. So whatsoever is the quality of god is the quality of the waves.

If god is perfect, we are perfect. So the very idea of becoming perfect is absurd. There is no need to become perfect, everyone is already perfect. But we are not living that perfection in its totality, we are living at the minimum. We are not using our potential, we are using only a minor part of it - scientists say not more than seven percent. Ninety-three percent potential is simply lost. And it was already there, available to for us to use. When you live a hundred percent you are really using the great opportunity that god has given you. And only at a hundred percent the transformation takes happens, never before it.So my effort here is to make you love life as intensely as possible, to live each moment as wholly as possible, and slowly slowly something starts unfolding in you, and you start discovering yourself. The more challenges you give yourself, the more you discover."

The Investors Need To know

As we are providing multtibaggers investements tips for long term...We do face many questions from many people.The majority ask us, is it the right time to invest? Will it double in short term?(1-4 months). if stock prices comes down what shall we do? can i get income every day?

We attempt to answers such kind of questions here:-

Q1- Now Market is in its peak , is it right time to invest? or

if correction comes what shall we do?

The real investors need to

'Buy business,Not Stocks '.

Eg-

If you buy 'infosys' stock today and when you see a stock price falling down 5-20% instantly you fear and start selling to safe-guard your money. This is not value investing.When you invest in a company you have to analyse well before investing ,not after.One need not to bother for the stocks price that fall&rise's. The Market price movements is not going to change the fate of that particular company or the company will not shut down tomorrow and run away with your money. The Tata's,Birla's are successfully running their companies many decades.Infact there are many indian companies running more than 100 years successfully.The market price is not going to restrict the growing companies.The investors need to invest and wait for the yield to harvest.

One need to analyse the business and its future market potential/Growth.When the business or the products demand rises, that enhance the growth(profits) of the company.By and by, the particular company grow stronger year after year, that will be refelected in their balance sheet.The investors need to give much attention to this study of the business model& its cycles.Not just alone the share price movements, that go's up and comes down. Once, you are diligent in this study, you can have better understanding when to buy/when to sell. This understanding will give you 'Massive returns for your small investment'.

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The Moral here is-

"Watch Out The Business Growth; Not The Stock Price".

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That's why, Investor's like Warren Buffet says- 'Buy The Business;Not Stocks'

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Will the stock price double in short term, if i buy today?

There are many people who come new to stock market used to have a pre-idea about stock market is, yet another casino. One can gamble...if luck prevails one can double his money over night!!.

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I just warn, people who has this type of thinking pattern. Because they are the one who make loss in stock market.They are under the holds of 'Greed'. The greed is the first enemy of any investor's.

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I have one question for the people who expect their investments gets double in less time?

If you plant a seed , Can you expect it growth and the yield of the fruits in over-night or short while?

or ' You dig the ground every now and then and take out the seed to measure its growth'?

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Just imagine, if one start setting up a new plant for manufacturing a consumer goods, how long will it take to establish for manufacturing,marketing and acquiring business? or

Setting up a steel plant and start producing the steel and seeing the company's growth can it happen overnight?

How much time it will take to establish a business set up to take out profits?

For Eg:-
Can A New Mobile Company Acquire 1 crore coustomers over night?
No.It takes time to establish brand names,marketing to the target potential customers and achiving its desired business target. it takes years. It will not happen over night.The stock business is not a Lottery ticket that will give you instant 'JackPot' by its lucky draw.

Think about it.

The Investors need to see the future growth of the particular industry/company participation and its management team , the business model etc.

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"The stock market is a serious long-term business,
not a make-money-overnight casino."

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it really takes much time right from the plant erection, production and acquiring customers and making profit!. So the point here is, the investors need to have patience to see the business growth, allow it to grow...as the business grow stronger the stock value will grow stronger. Day by day, soon or latter the stock will become a true 'MULTIBAGGER'.

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The 'power of compounding' is another such, important factor to consider for investments.We will discuss it soon here.

Here are the top tips to avoid snoring

Sun, Nov 28 02:15 PM
London, Nov 28 (ANI):

The British Snoring and Sleep Apnoea Association has provided tips to cure snoring problems.

It recommends working out whether snoring comes from the nose or throat, reports the Daily Express.

If you can make a snoring noise with your mouth open and closed, try this: stick your tongue out as far as it will go and grip it between your teeth.

Try to make a snoring noise. If it is reduced, you are probably a "tongue-base snorer", meaning your tongue is vibrating and causing the problem. If you are a "nose snorer" you snore with a closed mouth, it says.

The Association lists their solutions as follows:

1. Sleep on your side
The theory is that when we lie on our backs the tongue and muscles in the throat collapse, constricting the airway and causing snoring.
2. Higher pillows
This aims to keep the airways open by supporting the neck so the throat is less constricted. It works fairly well until you fall asleep and slump down in the bed.
3. Breathe Right Nasal Strips
These are supposed to open your nostrils from the outside and they certainly do seem to do this. They can also provide temporary relief from nasal congestion and stuffiness caused by colds and allergies.
4. Snoreeze Oral Strips
These dissolving mint-flavoured strips target the main cause of snoring and are ideal if you tend to snore more when lying on your back. They contain a time-release formula, which coats the back of the throat throughout the night and reduces the vibrations of the soft tissues, helping to stop snoring.
5. Snoreeze Throat Spray
This lubricates and tones the soft tissues at the back of the throat that vibrate and make you snore.
7. Nozovent
This is a piece of flexible plastic which you push into your nostrils to make them wider and allow easier breathing. It looks like something from the Spanish Inquisition but users report good results.
8. Somno Guard
This is a bit like the gumshield worn by a rugby player, but it is reported to produce good results. The idea is to bring your lower jaw and tongue forward, making more space for breathing. The drawback is that it takes sometime to get used to and is costly.
9. Rhynil Herbal Spray
The British Snoring and Sleep Apnoea Association says its herbal nasal spray shrinks the lining of the nostril, creating more space to breathe. It also tightens the tissue of the roof of the mouth, making it less likely to vibrate. It smells pleasant and a friend who tried it said it reduced snoring significantly.
10. Abstinence
You should cut down on cigarettes or, better still, give up completely. Also, try to have your last alcoholic drink at least four hours before you go to bed. (ANI)

Source:-

http://in.news.yahoo.com/139/20101128/1536/tls-here-are-the-top-tips-to-avoid-snori_1.html

Value Investing and its advantages

Benjamin Graham was not only a widely respected author and expert on value investing; he is often credited with creating the foundation for modern fundamental analysis of stocks. Value Investing is an investment strategy used by some of the country’s more prominent investors, most notably Warren Buffett.

For value investing to work, the investor must find companies that are trading at a market price that is a discount to the intrinsic, or real, value. The difference between the market price and the intrinsic value of a stock is known as the ‘margin of safety’. The margin of safety protects the investor from both poor decisions and down turns in the market. Because true value is very difficult to accurately compute, the margin of safety gives the investor room to make a mistake.

So, value investing is an approach to investing that singles out specific investments; stocks or bonds that are undervalued in relation to similar companies. That is not the same as cheap, however. An undervalued investment may still have a high share price in relation to other stocks in the same category. What is important is the relative value of the stock using tools such as the P/E ratio, price to book ratios, and other tools of fundamental analysis.

For many investors who practice value investing - companies that have a solid earnings history, strong financials, a history of dividends, and a sizeable market share.

Value investing is not only based on purchasing good companies at low prices, but holding for the long-term.

Above all the value Investing is also need the du-digilence of the investors(CMP,time of investing in rally/correction etc) ,

"Not buying the right share in wrong time;

but, buying the right share in the right time"

How to find multibagger stocks?

Rakesh Jhunjhunwala’s tips on how to find multibagger stocks?

Rakesh Jhunjhunwala is not content with sharing his incredible investment techniques with the world (See Rakesh Jhunjhunwala’s investment techniques). Rakesh Jhunjhunwala now lets us in on the all-time important investment secret of all time - How to find multibagger stocks.

Rakesh Jhunjhunwala is the Mother Theresa of the investment world because not only is this Living Legend eager to share his investment techniques with us, he is also happy to let us in on the most well guarded investment secret on how he made his billions .

But, Rakesh Jhunjhunwala, the wise sage that he is, is a man of few words. Rakesh Jhunjhunwala is reticent. When Rakesh Jhunjhunwala speaks, it is because he has something to say and not because he has to say something! So we scoured through hundreds of transcripts to decode Rakesh Jhunjhunwala‘s investment secrets. Now, we are proud to present our own version of Rakesh Jhunjhunwala‘s tips on how to find multibaggers.

Rakesh Jhunjhunwala‘s Tip No. 1: Don’t Look For Multi-baggers
Rakesh Jhunjhunwala‘s first investment mantra on how to find multibaggers is surprisingly different from what you would expect. Rakesh Jhunjhunwala says: "Don’t look for multibaggers. Don’t seek them at all. Let the multibaggers come to you!"

What is Rakesh Jhunjhunwala saying?
What Rakesh Jhunjhunwala is saying is: Don’t go out into the investment world saying "I only want to invest in potential multibaggers". Instead, Rakesh Jhunjhunwala, the Investment Guru, says "Go back to the old-fashioned way of making investments designed by investment maestros Benjamin Graham, Peter Lynch and Warren Buffet". "If your homework is right and you have invested in fundamentally sound companies with good growth prospects, your investments will by themselves become multibaggers with the passage of time".

Sounds simple but Rakesh Jhunjhunwala is not content with giving abstract or theoretical advice because this great investment legend already knows that his disciples are a bunch of doubting Thomas and even his words of undeniable gospel will be met with stoic skepticism.

So, Rakesh Jhunjhunwala gives examples of what he means.

Rakesh Jhunjhunwala gives the example of BEML which several years ago was quoting at a pittance because it was regarded as a slothful government enterprise. No investor in his right mind wanted the shares of BEML at that time. But while other investors saw a sluggish government corporation, Rakesh Jhunjhunwala saw efficient management, a great product line-up and effeicient cash-flows. The result: Rakesh Jhunjhunwala got a bountiful; he got his multibagger.

One example is not enough to convince the cynical masses. So, Rakesh Jhunjhunwala gives another example – that of Bharat Electronics – which also was regarded as a Babu-wala company by other investors who couldn’t see what Rakesh Jhunjhunwala‘s discerning eye could. Another humble company turned into a multibagger by sheer passage of time!

Now you are convinced. But Rakesh Jhunjhunwala does not rest. He goes for the jugular. Now, Rakesh Jhunjhunwala gives a counter example.

What would an investor "looking" for a multibagger have bought in the heady days of 2000? The naive investor would have looked around and seen "spectacular" companies like Himachal Futuristic, Global Tele, Pentasoft soaring on the stock exchange, making new highs every day. So, the foolish investor would have tanked up on these shares thinking that these shares were his best bet to net a multi-bagger.

The result: You don’t need the great Rakesh Jhunjhunwala to spell that out for you.
So, now you know why Rakesh Jhunjhunwala says: "Don’t look for multibaggers!"

Yes, the point sinks in and you have understood but then you rub your eyes incredulously and ask "But what do I look for in a share?"

Rakesh Jhunjhunwala is not regarded as the greatest investor in India for nothing. He has a well-considered answer for that as well. And if you think about it, Rakesh Jhunjhuwala’s answer is made up of pure common sense.

Rakesh Jhunjhunwala‘s Tip No. 2: Don’t Look for Profits; Look For Sources Of Profits
Rakesh Jhunjhunwala cautions that most investors obsess about the current sales and profits. They look at each quarter and focus obsessively on short-term profits. "That’s missing the wood for the trees" says Rakesh Jhunjhunwala.

Instead Rakesh Jhunjhunwala says "Look at the sources of Profits. What are the reasons that will give rise to Profits in the medium and long-term term".

Rakesh Jhunjhunwala drives home the point. "Look at the factors and circumstances that will create an opportunity for business in the sector".

Rakesh Jhunjhunwala gives the classic example of Infosys and Wipro. While the average Joe would have sat with his calculator analyzing Infosys’s & Wipro’s PE, ROE and nonsense like that, an astute investor in the 1990s would have realized that an internet revolution was coming in the next couple of years. He would have also realized that the off-shore business segment was booming and he would have tanked up on those shares.

Rakesh Jhunjhunwala gives another spectacular example: That of Praj Industries, a company engaged in manufacture of bio-ethanol fuel. When Praj Industries started out, nobody realized the massive demand that would arise for alternate fuels like ethanol. An investor would could have foreseen that would have had his multibagger.

Rakesh Jhunjhunwala‘s Tip No. 3: Forget ‘Large Cap, Small Cap’ Nonsense – Look For Scalability Of Operations:
Rakesh Jhunjhunwala makes two very important points. First, the investing maestro expresses his contempt for the obsession that many analysts and investors have for the debate on whether large cap, mid cap or small cap stocks are better. "Forget all that and Look for Value" he thunders. "If there is value in Large Cap, buy it. If there is value in Small Cap, buy it. But don’t obsess on irrelevant matters", says Rakesh Jhunjhunwala, the one with infinite wisdom.

But Rakesh Jhunjhunwala makes his preference quite clear. He says that given a choice and all things remaining equal, a mid-cap or a small-cap is a preferred bet because the valuations will be low and they can scale it up quite quickly.

Rakesh Jhunjhunwala‘s Tip No. 4: Give it Time, Be Patient:
Rakesh Jhunjhunwala reiterates what the maha investment gurus like Benjamin Graham and Warren Buffet have been advising over the past several decades. Warren Buffet was plain in his advice "Our favourite holding period is Forever". Rakesh Jhunjhunwala gives the same advice: "Give your investments time to mature. Be Patient for the World to discover your gems". Rakesh Jhunjhunwala cites the examples of Crisil, Titan and Pantaloon Retail which he has held on for several years now and has absolutely no intention of divesting them any time soon.

When Rakesh Jhunjhunwala bought Lupin it was just another mid-cap pharma company starting out into the world of generic drugs. What Rakesh Jhunjhunwala saw was a good efficient management which knew its job, a debt-free status, a good product line up and a growing market. That’s all. Rakesh Jhunjhunwala bought and played the waiting game. When the market matured, Rakesh Jhunjhunwala raked in his billions.

Rakesh Jhunjhunwala also fondly talks about his investment in Karur Vysya Bank which he has held onto even after about 20 years since he bought them. He says that his paltry investment of Rs 2,000 is worth several crores today thanks to the patience and conviction that he showed.

Rakesh Jhunjhunwala is never tired of emphasizing that first you must always remember that you are buying a business and not just a little thing that bounces 2% around every now and then. When you buy that business, it must be of a very high quality, one that is capable of growing over time. Having done your hard work, you must wait for the market to do its work and reward you, says Rakesh Jhunjhunwala.

Rakesh Jhunjhunwala‘s Tip No. 5: Don’t get carried away by short-term aberrations:
Rakesh Jhunjhunwala cannot stop criticizing investors who are obsessed with short-term trends. Rakesh Jhunjhunwala emphasizes that he does not worry about quarterly results. If the results are bad in one quarter, he does not get perturbed. What Rakesh Jhunjhunwala is looking for is: Is there a trend? Are the quarterly results showing a trend and suggesting something or are they a mere aberration?

Rakesh Jhunjhunwala also cautions that one should not get carried away by short-term trends. He cites the oft-repeated example of 1999 when investors bought truck loads of Himachal Futuristic, Global Tele, Pentasoft while he used to buy Shipping Corporation and Bharat Electronics because he saw long-term value in them. The Oracle of Mumbai says “Never get carried away by aberrations, recognize and respect them but do remember that the market corrects its aberration though it takes time.”

Rakesh Jhunjhunwala then adds that if the market behaves irrational and punishes a stock for short-term aberration, that’s the time for you to jump in. Rakesh Jhunjhunwala cites the classic example of Titan Watches to buttress his theory. Rakesh Jhunjhunwala says that Titan suffered in a moment of crisis when it went into Europe and lost a lot of money. Rakesh Jhunjhunwala says he wasn’t perturbed because he knew that what is most important for Titan is India’s prosperity. Rakesh Jhunjhunwala envisaged the future and knew sub-consciously that Indians were going to buy far many watches and that the underlying business should be great. So, says Rakesh Jhunjhunwala, in a moment of crisis you can get great valuations and if you can envisage the future where the product could have great demand and great growth, you should use the opportunity to buy.

Rakesh Jhunjhunwala‘s Tip No. 6: Invest in a business that you can understand:
If you look at it hard enough, you will realize that Rakesh Jhunjhunwala‘s reluctance to buy Himachal Futuristic, Global Tele and Pentasoft even in their heydays and his preference to stick to Shipping Corporation, Bharat Electronics and the other tried and tested names reveals another great investment tip from the Prince of Dalal Street: Buy what you know. Do you understand the business enough to be able to know what will happen 10 or 20 years from today. With Shipping Corporation, you can because shipping of goods will continue to happen for our foreseeable future. But you can’t tell that with technology companies which may have a great product today but which may become obsolete in 5 years.

Rakesh Jhunjhunwala‘s Tip No. 7: Don’t worry about the macro stuff like fiscal deficit, inflation etc which are unknowable. Focus on what is knowable:
Another immensely practical tip from Rakesh Jhunjhunwala, India’s greatest investor, for us folk who keep obsessing about currency fluctuation rates, inflation, fiscal deficit, political turmoil is: “Don’t worry about things that you neither know about nor can do anything about. It’s not important. Instead focus your energies on what you can and should know well enough – the business of the company you are investing in“.

Rakesh Jhunjhunwala‘s Tip No. 8 : Don’t Try To Time The Market:
Rakesh Jhunjhunwala endorses the validity of investment advice that has been propounded time and again by the wizards of investment time and again. Never try to time the market because you can never find the bottom of the market. Instead if you are getting the stock cheap in terms of its intrinsic value and future prospects, buy it.

Here, one cannot resist referring to similar advice that Warren Buffet, the Emperor of Wall Street, gives. Warren Buffet points out that Coca-Cola made an IPO in 1919 when it issued shares at $ 40 each. A year later, the share was quoting at $19. You might think that’s a disaster because the share had lost 50% of its value in just one year. After that there was sugar rationing and the farmers were rebellious. Years later, the Great Depression and World War II happened, there were thermonuclear weapons and what not. He says you could always find a reason on why that was not the right to buy shares of Coca Cola. But if you had gone ahead and bought that one share for $40 and reinvested the dividends, your investment in Coca-Cola would be worth $5 Million today.

Rakesh Jhunjhunwala echoes the words of the Oracle of Omaha when he says that you must get right is the business. If you get that right, everything else falls into place.

Rakesh Jhunjhunwala‘s Tip No. 9 : If it’s cheap, buy it- Don’t pass up something cheap today in the hope that it will get cheaper tomorrow:
Rakesh Jhunjhunwala says: If you see the opportunity today, GRAB IT! Many wonderful opportunities are lost to procrastination and then you rue your missed opportunities. Rakesh Jhunjhunwala says that it is not only important to identify the opportunity but then to be decisive and to act on it. Rakesh Jhunjhunwala cautions against getting stuck in a trap where you are perpetually seeking extra information to validate your idea.

In this, Rakesh Jhunjhunwala echoes the wisdom of Warren Buffet, the Oracle of Obama, who in the depths of the great stock-market depression of 2008 inspired investors by his clarion call "

If you wait for robins, summer will be gone".

Rakesh Jhunjhunwala‘s Tip No. 10 : Don’t buy stocks that have a fixed return:
Rakesh Jhunjhunwala‘s next tip seems to be a no-brainer but it is surprising how many investors overlook it. What is the point of buying shares in a company such as an electricity company where the return on investment cannot by law exceed a certain amount, asks Rakesh Jhunjhunwala. But, Rakesh Jhunjhunwala, emphasizes that this logic does not mean that electricity and utility companies should not form part of your portfolio because they offer an excellent defense mechanism to the vagaries of the stock market with the undemanding demand for their product and their predictable cash flows.

Rakesh Jhunjhunwala‘s Tip No. 11: Ride your winners!!
The one question on everybody’s mind is "When do I sell my multibagger?" Rakesh Jhunjhunwala answers with aplomb "Never".

One must be careful to understand what Rakesh Jhunjhunwala is saying here. What the Greatest Investor in India is saying is: "Don’t sell for the sake of selling because you can never say that the 10-bagger today will not become a 20-bagger tomorrow".

But, Rakesh Jhunjhunwala hastens to clarify that this does not mean that one will never sell a multibagger. He gives two situations when even he may sell his beloved multibagger. The first is when he is short of funds and he needs capital to invest in a stock that will give even better returns than what the existing one will give. And second, when the stock market has become so irrational that the perception of earnings and the P/E is unsustainable. Rakesh Jhunjhunwala gives the example of what happend in 2000 when euphoric investors laid bets that Infosys’ earnings would double every year for the next 10 years. Infosys’ P/E at the then current earnings was 100-150 times. So, says Rakesh Jhunjhunwala, when the expectation of earnings peaks and the P/E is unsustainable, that is the time to sell.

Rakesh Jhunjhunwala‘s Tip No. 12: Concentrate, concentrate & concentrate!!
There is a perpetual battle amongst investors on whether a diversified portfolio approach is better or a concentrated portfolio is better.

Rakesh Jhunjhunwala is an unabashed proponent of the concentrated portfolio theory. But Rakesh Jhunjhunwala‘s theory must be carefully understood before being implemented in practice as it can otherwise lead to disaster.

Rakesh Jhunjhunwala emphasizes that one must venture into a concentrated portfolio only after one is sure that he has identified a share that will deliver superior returns to all the other chosen shares. The conviction must be extremely strong, says Rakesh Jhunjhunwala.

Rakesh Jhunjhunwala is not one to take risks lightly so must also be wary of the risks of a concentrated portfolio. In the recent past, we have seen so many excellent companies lose large portions of their market cap almost overnight. Some examples can be BP which was touted as the best buy in the oil space but which owing to the oil spill in the Gulf of Mexico is today regarded as a pariah. Other examples are RNRL which not only lost the battle in the Supreme Court with Reliance but then announced a disastrous merger with RPower which short-changes RNRL’s investors. Aban Offshore is another example which lost its’ Oil Rig Aban-Prince in the high seas and saw its market price plummet 25%. Yet another example is that of Satyam whose founder Ramalingam Raju was felicitated as the "Most Promising Businessman" by Earnst & Young. He later confessed that all profits shown in Satyam were bogus and that he and Maytas Infra had played a

big fraud on the hapless investors.

So, while there are benefits to a concentrated portfolio, one must not be oblivious to its risks, cautions Rakesh Jhunjhunwala.

Dr. Sunitha Krishnan - Indian social activist

Born in 1969, is an Indian social activist and chief functionary and co-founder of Prajwala (http://www.prajwalaindia.com/home.html), an institution that assists trafficked women and girls find shelter. The organization also helps pay for the education of five thousand children infected with HIV/AIDS in Hyderabad. Prajwala’s “second-generation” prevention program operates in 17 transition centers and has served thousands of children of prostituted mothers. The NGO’s strategy is to remove women from brothels by giving their children educational and career opportunities. Krishnan and her staff train survivors in carpentry, welding, printing, masonry and housekeeping.

Her Video from YOUTUBE>

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jeOumyTMCI8

From her Blog-

http://sunithakrishnan.blogspot.com/2010/11/one-year-after-ted.html#comments

One Year After TED
Cannot imagine that one year has gone by, last year during the same time I was attending the TED conference. A conference I went with heavy heart and came back as a elated soul. I remember my first day at TED I was overwhelmed and intimidated. Among all these innovators,scientists, entrepreneurs,performers where do I stand as a activist. I have neither humor to make people laugh nor innovation that can make people look at me with awe. My first evening reception was a disaster to say the least. Within me I felt so insignificant in a world of creativity and power.And then my world changed after I spoke, I felt so much loved and cherished. The next two days were bliss and it was as if the Gods were conspiring to make me feel included,cherished and honored. Years of pain and exclusion just washed away. Support poured in, miracles happened. Problems which were gnawing me suddenly became easily manageable.Issues like eviction became less threatening as support poured in for construction. Google donated 1 million dollars for the construction( it reduced my struggles by 80%).I became techno literate( started my blog, facebook etc...). Post TED my world did change for good...today support networks are more,there are people interested to know about our trails and tribulations and most importantly the silence around the cause of sex trafficking is systematically breaking. There are at least 6 facebook communities( the ones I know) who are talking on sex trafficking. But this year has also been a year of challenges. Challenges that threatened the very root of the organization. You cannot have it all....-For many years the organization has been seriously looking for an ideal person to lead the Economic Rehabilitation Program(ERP). The look out was for a person with sound business ideas and also sensitivity to understand the special needs of trafficked survivors. This ambitious expectation, took as to many fora to identify the right person. Efforts were also put in through newspaper advertisements etc. A lot of money was spent in this search. After two years of search a ray of hope was seen when miraculously we found two persons( a dear friend put our requirement on Dev Net and that started the ball rolling), one with a management expertise and the other with marketing skills. The expert in management was made the Coordinator of ERP. As the leader of the team I, for once was relieved to hand over a lot of my responsibilities to another person especially related to business and marketing. For more than a month and a half we lived in euphoria as brilliant ideas to promote the business was tossed around and there was generally an air of great happening. Till one day when I met a customer who owed us some payment. As usual when I asked him when he was going to pay up he was shocked and informed me that he had already paid at least a month back. Immediately I called up our accounts section to find out why this customer appeared in the recovery list. And they informed me that the money has never reached them and they were constantly following up with the Coordinator, who had promised them that the money will recovered at the earliest. Immediate probe into the matter revealed that the Coordinator in collaboration with the Marketing Executive had already collected payments in cash at least a month earlier. Due to early detection we were able to prevent large-scale misappropriation of funds. Both the coordinator and marketing executive were dismissed from services and the funds misappropriated were recovered. I was forced to hold additional charges of looking after the enterprise.-As this crises was happening in ERP, the second generation prevention program which had started an economic rehabilitation unit for prostituted women (who were also mothers of children studying in the transition centers) faced severe resistance from the brothel keepers and brokers/pimps. One of the transition centers was vandalized. Tube lights, fans, flower pots were damaged. Property worth Rs 40,000/ (approx. 900$) was destroyed. A police case was lodged.-In the shelters, two shocking events happened. The biggest escapade of 10 victims from a ventilator on a rainy day was extremely depressing. As this was the first time such an event had happened in the shelter. The profile of the victims escaped revealed that all were witnesses in different cases. Only three of them did not appear to be connected to any case. One of three abandoned her 6 months baby and ran away. With a heavy heart we had to hand over the child to the court who handed the baby to the Government Orphanage. This happened in the month of September. Through reliable sources we also came to understand that there were traffickers posing as victims in the shelter whose main goal was to make all the victims who were witnesses hostile through intimidation. Unfortunately we could not spot the traffickers(we have a over crowded shelter right now). But what we were able to do was to strengthen the security measures internally. Slowly all loopholes were plugged. Maybe it was the realization of futility of efforts that the traffickers felt frustrated which forced them to go on a rampage within the shelter. TV, Fridge, tube-lights, sound system, CD Player, tables & chairs were destroyed. Three staff and three resident victims were injured in this act of aggression. Utter chaos prevailed for more than an hour, until staff from all units rushed and controlled the situation. The silver lining, we were able to spot all the 10 infiltrators. They were handed over to the police. The damage other than property( 2 lacs , approx. 4250 $) was the morale of the staff which heavily came down. Three senior staff from other interventions who witnessed the episode resigned. Interestingly those who were hurt have become more committed to the cause. Now there is acute staff shortage in the organization and my own movements (travelling outside Hyderabad) has been cut down considerably as only physical presence is boosting the morale of my team.-During the same period the security of the head office was put under tremendous risk when the organization got involved in two high profile cases in September. One case in which an inspector of police raped a 14 yr old girl. I was personally involved in not only booking the case but also providing safe shelter to the child victim. Consequently there was constant drama in the office premises with media having a hay day. In another case three girls were rescued from a reputed spa which was a front for prostitution. In the second case the office was filled with claimants & lawyers demanding access to the victims. Threatening and intimidating calls from very powerful people also poured in.-Outside Hyderabad, at the construction end, where we are building our new shelters it was a shocking news when the newspaper reported that the cost of the construction material has increased by 200%. As per the new prices we need another 400,000$ to complete the construction. In a context when we have to vacate the existing rented premises by Dec 31st 2010 it is a huge challenge to raise this this kind of funds in just two months.-And finally the king of all crises, last year we faced trouble with an official working in the income tax department after we refused to give her bribe. The lady in question a Jt. Commisioner of income tax promptly passed an order that we are a commercial profit-making institution and that we had to immediately pay tax to the tune of 45lacs (approx. 100000 $) to the department. We fought the case and we won and I thought it was over for good. Short lived was my relief as the department has now challenged the order in the tribunal( highest court for the income tax cases). And my saga continues... a year after TED what do I feel?Miracles give you renewed energy but life goes on and bigger battles await you at every corner.

Posted by Sunitha Krishnan

My Thanks to-

VRanganathan
nlp master practitioner

(To forward this to me)

Written by a Pakistani journalist about India

Dear All.

I Wish you to read the below article>
Written by a Pakistani journalist about India

Capital suggestion
By Dr Farrukh Saleem

Here's what is happening in India :

The two Ambani brothers can buy 100 percent of every company listed on the Karachi Stock Exchange (KSE) and would still be left with $30 billion to spare. The four richest Indians can buy up all goods and services produced over a year by 169 million Pakistanis and still be left with $60 billion to spare. The four richest Indians are now richer than the forty richest Chinese.

In November, Bombay Stock Exchange's benchmark Sensex flirted with 20,000 points. As a consequence, Mukesh Ambani's Reliance Industries became a $100 bill ion company (the entire KSE is capitalized at $65 billion). Mukesh owns 48 percent of Reliance.

In November, comes Neeta's birthday. Neeta turned forty-four three weeks ago. Look what she got from her husband as her birthday gift:

A sixty-million dollar jet with a custom fitted master bedroom, bathroom with mood lighting, a sky bar, entertainment cabins, satellite television, wireless communication and a separate cabin with game consoles. Neeta is Mukesh Ambani's wife, and Mukesh is not India 's richest but the second richest.

Mukesh is now building his new home, Residence Antillia (after a mythical, phantom island somewhere in the Atlantic Ocean ). At a cost of $1 billion this would be the most expensive home on the face of the planet. At 173 meters tall Mukesh's new family residence, for a family of six, will be the equivalent of a 60-storeyed building. The first six floors are reserved for parking. The seventh floor is for car servicing and maintenance.. The eighth floor houses a mini-theatre. Then there's a health club, a gym and a swimming pool. Two floors are reserved for Ambani family's guests. Four floors above the guest floors are family floors all with a superb view of the Arabian Sea On top of everything are three helipads. A staff of 600 is expected to care for the family and their family home.

In 2004, India became the 3rd most attractive foreign direct investment destination. Pakistan wasn't even in the top 25 countries.

In 2004, the United Nations, the representative body of 192 sovereign member states, had requested the Election Commission of India to assist the UN in the holding elections in Al Jumhuriyah al Iraqiyah and Dowlat-e Eslami-ye Afghanestan. Why the Election Commission of India and not the Election Commission of Pakistan? After all, Islamabad is closer to Kabul than is Delhi .

Imagine, 12 percent of all American scientists are of Indian origin; 38 percent of doctors in America are Indian; 36 percent of NASA scientists are Indians; 34 percent of Microsoft employees are Indians; and 28 percent of IBM employees are Indians.

For the record: Sabeer Bhatia created and founded Hotmail. Sun Microsystems was founded by Vinod Khosla. The Intel Pentium processor, that runs 90 percent of all computers, was fathered by Vinod Dham.

Rajiv Gupta co-invented Hewlett Packard's E-speak project. Four out often Silicon Valley start-ups are run by Indians. Bollywood produces 800 movies per year and six Indian ladies have won Miss Universe/Miss World titles over the past 10 years.

For the record: Azim Premji, the richest Muslim entrepreneur on the face of the planet, was born in Bombay and now lives in Bangalore.India now has more than three dozen billionaires; Pakistan has none (not a single dollar billionaire).

The other amazing aspect is the rapid pace at which India is creating wealth. In 2002, Dhirubhai Ambani, Mukesh and Anil Ambani's father, left his two sons a fortune worth $2.8 billion. In 2007, their combined wealth stood at $94 billion. On 29 October 2007, as a result of the stock market rally and the appreciation of the Indian rupee, Mukesh became the richest person in the world, with net worth climbing to US$63.2 billion (Bill Gates, the richest American, stands at around $56 billion). Indians and Pakistanis have the same Y-chromosome haplogroup. We have the same genetic sequence and the same genetic marker (namely: M124).
We have the same DNA molecule, the same DNA sequence. Our culture, our traditions and our cuisine are all the same. We watch the same movies and sing the same songs. What is it that Indians have and we don't?

INDIANS ELECT THEIR LEADERS!!

And also to mention: They think of Construction of own nation, unlike other nations who are just concerned with destruction of others...

Simple answer to why the Indians fare better than the Pakistanis - They don't focus on religion all the time and neither do they spend time and money in devising ways to kill their own and everyone else over religion.

What are Dividends and When they're Issued ?

Even those people who have made investments that paid dividends may still be a little confused as to exactly what dividends are, however… after all, just because a person has received a dividend payment doesn't mean that they fully appreciate where the payment is coming from and what its purpose is.

If you have ever found yourself wondering exactly what dividends are and why they're issued, then the information below might just be what you've been looking for.

Defining the Dividend
Dividends are payments made by companies to their stock holders in order to share a portion of the profits from a particular quarter or year. The amount that any particular stock holder receives is dependent upon how many shares of stock they own and how much the total amount being divided up among the stockholders amounts to. This means that after a particularly profitable quarter a company might set aside a lump sum to be divided up amongst all of their stockholders, though each individual share might be worth only a very small amount potentially fractions of a cent, depending upon the total number of shares issued and the total amount being divided. Individuals who own large amounts of stock receive much more from the dividends than those who own only a little, but the total per-share amount is usually the same.

When Dividends Are Paid ?
How often dividends are paid can vary from one company to the next, but in general they are paid whenever the company reports a profit. Since most companies are required to report their profits or losses quarterly, this means that most of them have the potential to pay dividends up to four times each year. Some companies pay dividends more often than this, however, and others may pay only once per year. The more time there is between dividend payments can indicate financial and profit problems within a company, but if the company simply chooses to pay all of their dividends at once it may also lead to higher per-share payments on those dividends.

Why Dividends Are Paid?
Dividends are paid by companies as a method of sharing their profitable times with the stockholders that have faith in the company, as well as a way of luring other investors into purchasing stock in the company that is paying the dividends. The more a particular company pays in dividend payments, the more likely it is to sell additional common stock… after all, if the company is well-known for high dividend payments then more people will want to get in on the action. This can actually lead to increases in stock price and additional profit for the company which can result in even more dividend payments.


Getting the Most Out of Your Dividends
In order to get the most out of the dividends that you receive on your investments, it is generally recommended that you reinvest the dividends into the companies that pay them. While this may seem as though you're simply giving them their money back, you're receiving additional shares of the company's stock in exchange for the dividend. This will increase future dividend payments (since they're based upon how much stock that you own), and can set you up to make a lot more money than the actual dividend payment was for since increases in stock prices will affect the newly-purchased stock as well.

About The Author
John Mussi is the founder of Direct Online Loans who help homeowners find the best available loans via the http://www.directonlineloans.co.uk website

Beautiful Thought by Lord Buddha

Once Buddha was travelling with a few of his followers. While they were passing a lake, Buddha told one of his disciples, "I am thirsty. Do get me some water from the lake."

The disciple walked up to the lake. At that moment, a bullock cart started crossing through the lake. As a result, the water became very muddy and turbid. The disciple thought, "How can I give this muddy water to Buddha to drink?"

So he came back and told Buddha, "The water in there is very muddy. I don't think it is fit to drink."

After about half an hour, again Buddha asked the same disciple to go back to the lake.

The disciple went back, and found that the water was still muddy. He returned and informed Buddha about the same.

After sometime, again Buddha asked the same disciple to go back.

This time, the disciple found the mud had settled down, and the water was clean and clear. So he collected some water in a pot and brought it to Buddha.

Buddha looked at the water, and then he looked up at the disciple and said," See what you did to make the water clean. You let it be, and the mud settled down on its own -- and you have clear water.

Your mind is like that too ! When it is disturbed, just let it be. Give it a little time. It will settle down on its own. You don't have to put in any effort to calm it down. It will happen. It is effortless."

Having 'Peace of Mind' is not a strenuous job; it is an effortless process!

TREAT EVERYONE WITH POLITENESS
EVEN THOSE WHO ARE RUDE TO YOU
NOT BECAUSE THEY ARE NOT NICE
BUT BECAUSE YOU ARE NICE.

Doing, doing -- never being...OSHO

You have gained -- now let it be, enjoy it. Live it!

And then you will see: a different dimension comes to your being.

- OSHO

RETIRE WHEN YOUR WORK IS DONE.

WHEN YOU SEE that a work has given you balance, that you have attained happiness, don't ask for more; when you feel good don't ask for more; when you are surrounded by a well-being don't ask for more. Retire, enjoy it. Revel in it. Dance with it. Don't ask for more. The mind is always asking for more.

The mind says, "Okay, this is good, that I am feeling a certain well-being, but more is possible. So first I should attain the more." Then you miss that which was possible; that which had already become actual, you miss.

And if you listen to this mind, which goes on for more and for more and for more, it will lead you to the end, to the extreme. And suddenly you fall into hell, and you are miserable, unhappy.

Whatsoever you gain, make it a criterion: if you are feeling good, if you are feeling well, if you are feeling blissful, silent, peaceful, a certain delight around you, life has become a song for this moment -- then sing it! Don't ask for more! Chew it, absorb it.

Don't ask for more. Retire... that is the meaning of retire. Now stop further efforts -- enough! You have gained -- now let it be, enjoy it. Live it! And then you will see: a different dimension comes to your being.

There are two dimensions. One is horizontal... more, more, more -- that is the horizontal dimension. You move in a line. You are on the point A; you want to be on the point B. When you are on the point B, you want to be on the point C. Soon you will reach to XYZ. And from Z is hell. Z is the door of hell.

But you cannot stop, the mind goes on. The mind says, "Look, you are on C, and D is possible. So why waste time on C, go to D. Then E becomes possible, so go to E." No moment to enjoy, no moment to celebrate, no moment to retire and be.

Doing, doing -- never being... because being means that C is enough, now enjoy it. You have earned the bread for today -- now retire. But the mind says, "What about the safe in the bank? It is still half-filled. You have to fill it completely...."

OSHO

STRESS MANAGEMENT Part-2

THE PHYSIOLOGICAL RESPONSES TO STRESSES:

A) When exposed to stress in our environment, we generally experience many physiological reactions. Initially your blood pressure soars, your pulse races and you even begin to sweat. These are part of general pattern of reactions referred to as the ‘fight-or-flight syndrome’, a process controlled through the sympathetic nervous system, which is prepares our bodies for immediate action.usually, these responses are brief and soon return to normal level.

B) When we are exposed to chronic sources of stress, this reaction is only first in a longer sequence termed by Hans selye (1976) the General Adaptation Syndrome (GAS), consists of three stags, they are,
1) Alarm reaction
2) Resistance
3) Exhaustion

1) Alarm Reaction

In this stage the body prepare itself for immediate action. Arousal of the sympathetic nervous system releases stress hormones that help to prepare our body to meet threats or danger. This is also known as fight-or-flight response. In this there are more bodily response than the mental.

The hypothalamus in the brain signals the adrenal gland. The adrenal gland in turn releases adrenaline into the blood stream. The adrenaline increases the heartbeat and breathing become shallower. Blood flows from skin and *viscera to muscles and brain. The blood takes nourishment like (blood sugar) to the parts of the body, which are in need of extra energy to respond to the danger. Due to this redistribution, we look pale and our hands and feet become cooler. Physiologically the person who turns white, are more prepared to fight, than who are red in the face. That does not mean that the latter will be cool. They are just not in the best physiological state to do so! Blood pressure is raised and the capillaries of the skin and viscera are narrowed.

Foot notes: *Viscera -Internal organs collectively (especially those in the abdominal cavity)

It is these sensations that we feel immediately in our body. However we don’t feel all that is going on. Other hormones also are released. For instance ACTH (Adreno Corticotrophin Hormone) activates the adrenal glands. This enables the release of corticoids into the blood stream, which carry massage to other glands and organs.

The spleen, for instance is mobilized to release more red blood cells into to the blood stream. These carry oxygen and nourishment that are needed to provide for the extra demand of the body during this alarm stage. The ability of blood to clot is increased, in preparation for damage resulting from fighting.

The liver releases vitamins such as B and C and sucrose and it is carried to the muscles by the redistributed blood. The stomach released hydrochloric acid (Hcl), which is only does normally to digest food.

Another response is muscular tension especially of the lower back, shoulders and neck. This may lead to what is known as tension&headache.this tension remains even after the other changes due to alarm reaction decrease. As a result, people believe that the tension is the main indicator of stress. Becoming aware of tension and dealing with it can be the first step in gaining control.

Nor-adrenaline is another hormone, which is sereated.this brings with, feelings of *euphoria and satisfaction what can be termed positive stresses.

2.Resistance

If stress is prolonged, however the resistance stage begins. During this stage, arousal is lower than the alarm stage, but the body continues to draw on resources at an above-normal rate in order to cope effectively with the stresses. Continued exposure to the same stresses or additional stresses drains the body resource like like nutrients and vitamins and that lead to the third stage exhaustion.

Foot note: *Euphoria: - A feeling of great (usually exaggerated) elation

3.Exhaustion

In the above resistance stage the body can remain only for short duration. When the pressure remains beyond that, new symptoms begin to emerge. These are similar to those of alarm stage. as aresult,the body becomes increasingly vulnerable to disease and organic dysfunction.

In our life situation we cannot avoid stress completely, but to some extend we can mange or avoid or at least see that it is not collapsing us. Certain situation we will be exposed to a sudden tragedy, that may cause so much of physiological excitement, it is possible by reduce the frequency or intensity of the alarm stage, but cannot eliminate entirely. Nor we should try to; it is a normal protective mechanism. We should also try to reduce the resistance stage. The reason is that when stress occurs too often or for too long, the body has no opportunity to recover. The body needs time to re-build the lost or depleted resources. When there is no opportunity to happen this. The body enters the stage of exhaustion. The repeated exhaustion has to be prevented to protect the life.

A quick review of physiological stress

Feeling “stressed out” is not just a state of mind. High levels of stress can have severe consequences. The hormones overload. Such as adrenalin and cortisol are produced in excess, they can cause many physiological changes.
For e.g. major trauma such as love failure, divorce, family/occupational conflicts, lack of control over situation, pollution etc.

These above leads to the fallowing body changes,
1.memory loss
2.increased insulin levels leading to higher fat deposits
3.high blood pressure
4.bone loss/weakness
5.weakened muscles/tensing of muscles
6.stunted growth
7.weakened immune system
8.arteriosclerosis
9.depression
10.shallower, quicker breathing
11.excess production of adrenaline
12.faster heart beat
13.reduction of blood supply to hands and feet
14.increased blood flow to the muscles
15.sharpening of all senses
16.reduction of tension in bowels and stomach functions


COGNITIVE APPRAISAL OF STRESSES OR PSYCHOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF STRESS:

When confronted with the same potentially stress-inducing situation, some person experience stress, where as other do not. Why?

It involves individual cognitive appraisals, stress occurs only to the extent that the persons involved to perceive

1) that the situation is somehow threatening to their important goals and

2) that they will be unable to meet, or cope with, these dangers or demands (lazarus&folkman, 1984;largarsetal 1985). To understand the nature of stress, it is necessary to consider the emotional and physiological reactions it involves the external conditions that produce it and the cognitive processes that play a role in its occurrence.

Stress is generally associated with negative and unpleasant emotions. is there any difference between stress and emotion?

Stress may be consider as an appraisal of situation in which a threat exceeds one’ resources. The result of this stress appraisal is emotion. The most common stress related emotions are fear, anger and sadness.

Psychological stress and physical stress are not the same. They are related. To call a condition as stress the psychological appraisal as stress is important. That is the prescription that some event is stressful is important. It is the psychological stress that generates physical stress in many situations.


A quick review of psychological stress
The mental/emotional changes occurs are
Of course all those above physiological changes also have an effect on the brain and this can cause an alert mental state, leading to:
1. Faster activity of the brain
2. Improvement of decision-making
3. Short-term judgment
4. Improved memory powers
5. Sharper focusing of attention

A quick general review of stress

Over all let us look how stress affects or making changing within oneself. And what are the medical or scientific terms involved in it, as a bird eye view:
*These fallowing are the steps in the stress reaction:
Step-1
When a person faces a stressful or threatening situation, cells in the brain can secrete a CORTICOTROPHIN releasing hormone or CRH.
Step-2
CRH signals the brain’s pituitary gland to produce ADRENOCORTICORTROPHIN hormone. Or ACTH.
Step-3
Scientists suspect that CRH also affects behavior directly by acting on certain brain regions.
Step-4
ACTH, meanwhile, passes through the bloodstream and causes the adrenal glands –located just above the kidneys –to produce CORTISOL, the best known of the stress hormones.
Step-5
CORTISOL increases the amount of glucose available to fuel the body’s cells, prevents the immune system from overreacting to injuries, and also ensures that the brain dose not secrete too much CRH. That keeps the stress response from spiraling out of control.

*(SOURCE: SCEINTIFIC AMERICAN; ULTIMATE VISUAL DICTIONARY; ESTHER STERBERG, NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF HEALTH; MARK SMITH, DUPONT MERSK; MARY DALLMAN, UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA-SAN FRANCISCO.)

Stress as a positive sign:
Stress is good, it is necessary for anybody for a healthy living, many among us think that stress is negative, it is not so, stress which is beyond our manageable limits cause some negative effect in us, on the same time stress which is under our manageable limits help us to live a better life, so stress that are under our control are the positive sign.

For- e.g. -1
Stresses protect us from many of our life situation.

When one is on the road, about to face or expect an accident that is going to occur certainly, in such situation the stress act as a natural intelligence to protect us from great damage, that time the whole body and mind function as a whole, and our system is instantly ready to face the consequences, this stage is called resistance stage.

In the resistance stage, there is a surge of hormones like cordisol, aderenaline and noradrenaline, your arteries harden and your blood suddenly has more clotting power to prevent blood loss in the event of an injury.

e.g. –2
Stress is needed in a situation like, sports, making speeches and taking examinations etc.
The stress response puts people on their mettle, increases alertness, improves sight, strengthens muscles and reduces reaction times. More importantly the stress response increases our ability to stand and fight to turn and flee and to mobilize all our resources to archive what ever we decide to do.

Another positive is the zest. That stress adds to life by stimulating the senses and the passions. Many people need challenge in their life and would be unhappy without it.

Stress only has positive effect if one is tactfully managing it or keep it under control.


Negative impact of stress.
The stress causes so many negative signs among the individual level. When a person allows the stress to remain the body or mind, when there is no chance to take a necessary steps or managing techniques to release the stress out of the system, that time the stress responses are remain within our system, be it mind or body and slowly start producing negative reaction in various levels. So one need to act at once than and there to release the stress and get rid of the negative symptoms by adapting a suitable or most appropriate methods.

The negative impact of stress in the individual, can be of three levels,
1.undesirable or unsuitable behaviors
2.potential difference in energy and performance levels
3.weakening of the health. Mind and body wise.

The most important stresses that will produce a long negative impact on us are a) acute stress b) chronic stress. These are the stresses that can be more damaging. In general the negative stress tends to be cumulative, it feeds on itself. If the stress is not released today it cumulate itself for the future course of time.

We can see the connection between stress and disease. The chronic stress cause so many negative impact like heart attack, high blood pressure etc.

Because cholesterol is a hormone released under stress. It now seems quite likely that high cholesterol levels, with their accompanying higher risk of heart and blood vessel disease, reflect too much distress (negative stress) rather than our diet –says Montgomery and Evans

According to recent research at university medical centre, Chicago, people who worry a lot are more likely to develop Alzheimers.high levels of stress hormones may damage regions in the brain for memory. There is also evidence to show that severe stress can derail the immune system.

CAUSES OF STRESS
What factors contribute stress?
A wide range of conditions and events seem to capable of generating such feelings. Amongst the most important of these are major stressful life events, such as the death of a loved one or love failure or a painful divorce; the minor hassles of every day life; conditions and events relating to work; and certain aspects of physical environment such as noise, crowd, culture, family etc. and it is also comes from within such as our beliefs, racial, attitudes and expectation about the world, isolation.

The part-3 will be posted soon